In large-scale, high-availability campus networks using VXLAN, IS-IS is often the preferred IGP for the underlay. It offers faster convergence, better scalability for a large number of nodes, and more efficient handling of link-state information compared to OSPF in such dense fabric architectures, making it the most suitable choice from the list.

Huawei’s Agile Controller (part of the Campus Insght solution) is the policy center. It integrates with endpoint posture assessment tools, collects compliance data (like installed software, patch levels), and enforces access policies by instructing network devices (like switches) to grant, deny, or restrict access based on that information.

When branches with dynamic IP addresses (spokes) need to establish tunnels to a hub, they use NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol) to register their public IP with the hub. If the NHRP configuration on the hub (like the NHRP server setting or network ID) is incorrect, the branches cannot register successfully, preventing tunnel establishment.

In high-density environments, the 2.4 GHz band is prone to co-channel interference and slow, legacy clients can monopolize airtime. Enabling Airtime Fairness ensures no single client hogs the medium. Setting the channel width to 20 MHz (instead of 40 MHz) provides more non-overlapping channels, reducing interference. This combination is a practical optimization step. Forcing all clients to 5GHz (B) is ideal but not always immediately feasible due to legacy device support.

Priority Flow Control (PFC), part of the IEEE 802.1Qbb standard, is the mechanism that creates a lossless Ethernet service. It allows a receiving switch port to send a pause frame for a specific priority level (e.g., the one used by the HPC application) when its buffer is nearing capacity, preventing packet drops for that traffic class and ensuring zero loss.

A “permit any” outbound rule is a major security risk. If an internal user’s PC or server becomes compromised with malware, the malware can freely communicate with command-and-control servers on the internet, exfiltrate data, or launch attacks. The principle of least privilege should be applied, allowing only necessary, specific outbound traffic.

The Application Statistics Report in NAM is designed to rank and display traffic volume by application type (e.g., HTTP, Video, Database) over a selected time period and for selected interfaces. This directly answers the question of which *application* is using the most bandwidth, unlike the Host Top Talkers report which focuses on IP addresses, or the Interface Utilization report which shows total load.

For iMaster NCE-Campus to manage a device, the device must be configured with the correct controller’s IP address and the correct port (like NETCONF port 830) for southbound communication. Ping success only confirms Layer 3 reachability. The onboarding process relies on a specific service layer connection (NETCONF/SNMP), which must be correctly configured on the device itself—this is the most common point of failure.

Huawei CloudWAN is a solution built to provide simplified, on-demand, and dedicated connectivity between enterprise sites (like data centers) and multiple public clouds. It abstracts the underlying network complexity and offers a unified management interface for creating these hybrid cloud connections, which is more tailored than a generic IPSec VPN or an enterprise-focused SD-WAN solution.

In large-scale, high-availability campus networks using VXLAN, IS-IS is often the preferred IGP for the underlay. It offers faster convergence, better scalability for a large number of nodes, and more efficient handling of link-state information compared to OSPF in such dense fabric architectures, making it the most suitable choice from the list.0