VXLAN with a centralized gateway (often deployed on a core switch or firewall) is the fundamental technology for large-scale Layer 2 extension and seamless roaming. It decouples the user’s location from their gateway, allowing them to keep the same gateway IP as they move across different access points or switches, thus maintaining sessions. iMaster NCE-Campus is the management and control platform that orchestrates this, but the underlying forwarding technology is VXLAN.

In the Agile Controller (or iMaster NCE-Campus) authorization model, the Authorization Result is the core object. It is a container that aggregates various access control elements like VLANs, ACLs, QoS policies, and security profiles. You bind different Authorization Results to different user groups (e.g., ‘Employees’ and ‘Guests’) via Authorization Rules, which are triggered after successful authentication.

Frequent deauthentications are a classic symptom of a rogue AP or a deauthentication attack (e.g., using tools that spoof deauth frames). Using a wireless analyzer (like AirCapture on Huawei APs or a portable scanner) to survey the radio frequency environment is the direct, practical first step. It allows you to visually identify unauthorized devices broadcasting the same or confusing SSIDs, or to detect the source of the malicious frames, before implementing countermeasures.

Beyond adding the device to the authentication server, the critical step on the switch interface itself is to enable the MAC authentication function using the `mac-authen` command (or its equivalent in the specific OS). Without this command, the switch port will not trigger the MAC authentication process for connected devices, regardless of the server-side configuration.

In high-density scenarios, the goal is to serve many clients in a small area without them interfering with each other. The best practice is a manual or carefully tuned plan using non-overlapping channels to avoid co-channel interference and reducing transmit power to create smaller, more controlled coverage cells (micro-cells). This increases capacity by allowing frequency reuse and prevents a few APs from dominating the airspace.

The core advancement of modern network automation (as seen in iMaster NCE) is the shift from imperative (command-by-command) to declarative or intent-based management. The administrator defines the desired business state or outcome (the intent), and the controller’s intelligence translates that into the necessary network-wide configurations and validates the outcome, abstracting the complexity of individual device syntax.

The Border Node (or Border Leaf) sits at the edge of the VXLAN fabric. Its key role is to serve as the gateway for traffic entering or leaving the fabric. It terminates the VXLAN tunnels and routes traffic to and from traditional networks (e.g., data center core, enterprise WAN, Internet edge), performing the necessary encapsulation and decapsulation.

In a distributed Agile Controller deployment, the Policy Server is the critical component that hosts the real-time AAA engine. It communicates directly with network access devices (switches, WLAN controllers, firewalls) via the RADIUS protocol to make instantaneous access control decisions based on configured rules and profiles. The License Server manages software entitlements separately.

While 802.1X provides port-based authentication, it doesn’t inherently check device health. Network Access Control (NAC) solutions, including Huawei’s, use 802.1X (often with the more secure EAP-TLS for certificate-based device authentication) integrated with a posture assessment agent or module. This agent checks for compliance policies (like antivirus status, OS patches) and reports to the policy server, which then grants appropriate access based on the health check result.

VXLAN with a centralized gateway (often deployed on a core switch or firewall) is the fundamental technology for large-scale Layer 2 extension and seamless roaming. It decouples the user’s location from their gateway, allowing them to keep the same gateway IP as they move across different access points or switches, thus maintaining sessions. iMaster NCE-Campus is the management and control platform that orchestrates this, but the underlying forwarding technology is VXLAN.0